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''Welch v. Helvering'', 290 U.S. 111 (1933), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court on the difference between business and personal expenses and the difference between ordinary business deductions and capital expenses. It is one of the most important income tax law cases. Thomas Welch and his father owned a grain brokerage business in Minnesota, that went bankrupt in 1922. Welch later reopened a business but first had to repay his discharged debts. He then tried to deduct the repayments, but the Commissioner ruled that these payments were not deductible from income as ordinary and necessary expenses. Benjamin N. Cardozo, delivering the Court's opinion, held that the expenses were too personal, were too bizarre to be ordinary, and were capital. He did not consider them "ordinary and necessary business expenses" and, therefore, not deductible under Section 162 of the Internal Revenue Code. This case is frequently cited for its dictum describing the meaning of the term "necessary" in Section 162 as requiring that expenses merely be "appropriate and helpful () the development of the () business." Cardozo submits that determining what constitutes a necessary expense can be enormously difficult: "life in all its fullness must supply the answer to the riddle." ==See also== *Tax Deductions in the United States *List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 290 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Welch v. Helvering」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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